🌿《素問・生氣通天論篇第三》🌿
生氣通天論:陰陽調和養生之道
該段文本主要闡述了**《黃帝內經》中「生氣通天論」的核心思想**,強調了陰陽平衡對人體健康的根本性作用。它詳細說明了陽氣在生命活動中的重要性,包括其對外防禦功能以及受季節、情緒、飲食等因素影響而導致的疾病。同時,文章也探討了如何順應自然規律以維護陽氣的固密,並警示了陰陽失調對身體造成的危害。最終,文本指出謹慎調和飲食五味是保持身體精氣充盈、筋骨強健、血氣流通的關鍵,是獲得長壽的基礎。
第一段 原文:
黃帝問於天師曰:余聞上古有真人者,提挈天地,把握陰陽,呼吸精氣,獨立守神,肌肉若一,故能壽敝天地,無有終時,此其道生。
1️⃣ 拼音(大陸標準音標):
Huáng dì wèn yú
tiān shī yuē:
Yú wén shàng gǔ yǒu zhēn rén zhě, tí qiè tiān dì, bǎ wò yīn yáng, hū xī jīng qì, dú lì shǒu shén, jī ròu ruò yī, gù néng shòu bì tiān dì, wú yǒu zhōng shí, cǐ qí dào shēng.
2️⃣ 白話文翻譯:
黃帝問天師說:我聽說上古有一種叫「真人」的人,他們能掌握天地運行,調和陰陽,呼吸自然之精氣,獨自修行、安定精神,身體內外合一,因此壽命長得像天地一樣久,沒有結束的時候。這就是道的開始。
3️⃣ 英文翻譯(學習者導向):
The Yellow Emperor
asked the Celestial Master:
"I have heard
that in ancient times, there were ‘True Men’ (Zhenren) who could align with
Heaven and Earth. They grasped the flow of Yin and Yang, breathed in the vital
essence (Jing Qi), lived in solitude, and kept their spirits centered. Their
bodies were united and harmonious. Because of this, they lived as long as
Heaven and Earth, seemingly without end. This, I believe, is the origin of the
Way (Dao)."
4️⃣ 註解與補充(中英對照):
真人 (Zhēnrén):在道家與中醫中指修煉圓滿、身心合一的高人,有時象徵理想的人體狀態。
→ "Zhenren"
refers to a person who has perfected their mind and body through alignment with
natural principles.
提挈天地、把握陰陽:象徵與自然法則合一,能順應宇宙節律。
→ These expressions mean
understanding and harmonizing with cosmic rhythms.
呼吸精氣:這裡的「呼吸」不是單純吸氣吐氣,而是指吸納天地間的「精氣」,是內養修行的關鍵。
→ Breathing Jing Qi
refers to absorbing the essential energies of nature, not just air.
接下來你準備好了,我們可以繼續第二段。我會繼續保持這個節奏與結構,你可以隨時告訴我要調整哪個部分。🌿
🌿第二段 原文
故虛邪賊風,避之有時;
恬憺虛無,真氣從之;
精神內守,病安從來?
1️⃣ 拼音(大陸標準音標)
Gù xū xié zéi fēng, bì zhī yǒu shí;
tián dàn xū wú,
zhēn qì cóng zhī;
jīng shén nèi shǒu, bìng ān cóng lái?
2️⃣ 白話文
所以對於虛邪賊風(外來有害之氣),要懂得適時避開;
內心清靜淡泊,順應自然,真氣就能充盈;
精神內守、心神安定,那疾病又怎麼會來呢?
3️⃣ 英文翻譯(中醫初學者視角)
Therefore, harmful
external influences—called "perverse winds"—must be avoided at the
proper time.
When the mind is
calm and free of desires, the True Qi (zhēn qì) flows naturally.
If one's spirit
(shén) is stable and protected internally, how could illness possibly arise?
4️⃣ 註解與補充(中英對照)
虛邪賊風 (xū xié zéi fēng):
中醫術語,指那些乘虛而入、侵犯人體的外邪(如風寒暑濕燥火)。
→ “Perverse” or “evil” winds are pathogenic
factors that invade the body when it is weak or unguarded.
恬憺虛無 (tián dàn xū wú):
意指心境清靜、無欲無求,是養生的核心。
→ A quiet and desireless
mind aligns with Dao and promotes internal harmony.
真氣 (zhēn qì):
指維持人體生命活動的基本能量。
→ True Qi is the vital
energy that sustains life functions.
精神內守 (jīng shén nèi shǒu):
指心神不外馳、穩定於內,有助於身體抵抗外邪。
→ Keeping the spirit
inward means maintaining internal focus and balance.
🌿第三段 原文
是故志閒而少欲,心安而不懼,形勞而不倦。
氣從以順,各從其根,故壽命無窮,度百歲乃去。
1️⃣ 拼音(大陸標準音標)
Shì gù zhì xián ér shǎo yù, xīn ān ér bù jù, xíng láo ér bù juàn.
qì cóng yǐ shùn, gè cóng qí gēn, gù shòu mìng wú qióng, dù bǎi suì nǎi qù.
2️⃣ 白話文
所以,一個人心境閒適、慾望少,心裡安定、不會害怕,即使身體勞動也不會疲倦。
氣血運行順暢,各歸其本位,因此壽命悠長,可以活到百歲才離世。
3️⃣ 英文翻譯(中醫初學者視角)
Therefore, when
one’s mind is calm and has few desires, the heart is at peace and free from
fear.
Even if the body is
physically active, it does not feel fatigued.
When Qi flows
smoothly and everything follows its natural root, life becomes long-lasting.
Thus, one may live
to a hundred years before passing away naturally.
4️⃣ 註解與補充(中英對照)
志閒而少欲 (zhì xián ér shǎo yù):
志向平靜、不貪求名利,是長壽的關鍵。
→ A relaxed mind and
minimal desires keep the body in harmony.
心安而不懼 (xīn ān ér bù jù):
內心平靜、無所恐懼,是情志調和的表現。
→ Peace of mind and
freedom from fear ensure emotional balance.
形勞而不倦 (xíng láo ér bù juàn):
指身體雖勤勞但因為精神調和、氣血流通,所以不會感覺疲倦。
→ With well-regulated
Qi, physical work does not result in exhaustion.
氣從以順,各從其根 (qì cóng yǐ shùn, gè cóng qí gēn):
表示氣機運行順暢,臟腑各安其位,整體協調。
→ Qi flows in harmony,
and all organs return to their roots (functions) properly.
壽命無窮,度百歲乃去 (shòu mìng wú qióng, dù bǎi suì nǎi qù):
意指若能這樣養生,壽命自然長久,可活百歲而終。
→ Such balance leads to
longevity—living to 100 years
before natural death.
Discourse On
Generative Qi Communicating with Nature
📜 第四段:原文
是故陽氣者,若天與日,失其所則折壽而不彰。
🗣 拼音(大陸簡拼)
Shì gù yáng qì zhě, ruò tiān yǔ rì, shī qí suǒ zé zhé shòu ér bù zhāng.
🪶 白話文解釋(簡潔版)
因此,陽氣就像天空與太陽一樣重要,
如果陽氣不能安於其位、正常運行,就會損壞壽命,無法發揮其功用。
🌍 英文翻譯(逐句說明)
Therefore, Yang Qi
is like the sky and the sun—vital and illuminating.
If it loses its
proper position or function, life will be shortened, and its brilliance will be
diminished.
📝 中英文註解 & 解說(給初學者)
陽氣(Yang Qi)
中醫中代表推動生命活動的陽性能量,對人體的溫暖、推動、升發有關。
→ Yang Qi refers to the
body's active, vital energy that warms and drives all physiological functions.
若天與日(like heaven and the
sun)
形容它的重要性,就像天與太陽一樣,缺它不行。
→ It's as essential to
life as the sun and sky are to the world.
失其所(lose its proper
place)
指陽氣運行錯亂、失衡、不循正道。
→ When Yang Qi loses its
normal direction or position (e.g. not rising in the morning or not retreating
at night), trouble begins.
折壽而不彰(shortens life and
dims its radiance)
陽氣失常會導致壽命減短,生命活力衰退。
→ Premature aging,
fatigue, illness, and even early death are outcomes of disrupted Yang Qi.
這一段非常短,但關鍵重大,它在強調:
「陽氣就是生命的主軸,一旦偏離軌道,整個人的健康與壽命都會受到嚴重影響。」
📜 第五段:原文
故陽氣者,煦之則生,怒之則死。
🗣 拼音(大陸簡拼)
Gù yáng qì zhě, xù zhī zé shēng, nù zhī zé sǐ.
🪶 白話文解釋(簡潔版)
陽氣溫養身體,溫和地對待它就能生長繁盛;
如果激怒它、使用不當,就會導致死亡。
🌍 英文翻譯(逐句說明)
Therefore, Yang Qi,
when gently nurtured, brings life;
but when forcefully
provoked, it leads to death.
📝 中英文註解 & 解說(給初學者)
煦(xù)之則生 / Gently warming
it brings life
「煦」是溫暖、撫育的意思。陽氣需要溫和的保養與調理,不能過度消耗。
→ When the body’s Yang Qi is cared for
gently (like basking in morning sunlight), life thrives.
怒之則死 / If it is enraged,
death follows
「怒」是指刺激、急迫、猛烈地對待。這裡不是單指情緒的「生氣」,而是指過度的外在干擾、暴怒、狂歡或暴勞,讓陽氣耗竭或亂動。
→ Provoking or abusing
Yang Qi (through overexertion, stress, emotional rage, or excessive desires)
damages vitality and leads to death.
本段總旨:
陽氣是生命之本,須如春風育苗般細心呵護,而非如烈火燒林般破壞。
🌱 這段話在提醒我們:
中醫觀中的「陽氣」不只是力量,更是一種需要尊重與保護的生命能量。
用現代話說,就像電池如果你用得太急,它會燒壞或耗盡,慢慢用才能用得長久。
📜 第六段:原文
故天運而應,無邪氣,地氣上騰,天氣下流,陰陽相薄,以成萬物,此謂天地之道。
🗣 拼音(大陸簡拼)
Gù tiān yùn ér yìng, wú xié qì, dì qì shàng téng, tiān qì xià liú, yīn yáng xiāng bó, yǐ chéng wàn wù, cǐ wèi tiān dì zhī dào.
🪶 白話文解釋(簡潔版)
當天地運行正常,沒有邪氣干擾,地氣上升、天氣下降,陰陽互相交融,萬物才能生長繁榮。這就是天地運行的自然法則。
🌍 英文翻譯(逐句說明)
Thus, when Heaven
moves in rhythm and responses arise, there are no pathogenic influences.
The Earth's Qi
ascends, Heaven’s Qi descends; Yin and Yang interact and blend, giving birth to
all things.
This is called the
Dao of Heaven and Earth.
📝 中英文註解 & 解說(給初學者)
天運而應 / Heaven moves and
responses occur
指的是自然的運行規律,如四季交替、晝夜更替等。天地之氣正常流動,人體也會跟著平衡。
→ Nature (Heaven) has
its own rhythm. When the body aligns with it, harmony prevails.
無邪氣 / There are no
evil/pathogenic influences
「邪氣」是中醫對風寒暑濕燥火等外來有害氣的總稱。天地和諧,則無疾病。
→ If there’s balance in nature,
there are no harmful forces that cause illness.
地氣上騰,天氣下流 / Earth’s Qi rises, Heaven’s Qi descends
指地氣溫濕向上升騰,天氣清涼向下降落,兩者交互循環,是陰陽的基本運動模式。
→ Earth emits nourishing
energy upward; Heaven (sky) sends purifying energy downward — they balance each
other.
陰陽相薄 / Yin and Yang
interact and blend
「薄」在這裡是接觸、交融的意思。陰陽和諧,生命才得以形成。
→ Yin and Yang don’t clash but merge — this interaction
creates all life.
以成萬物,此謂天地之道 / thus ten
thousand things arise —
this is the Way of Heaven and Earth
運用陰陽調和的力量,天地才能滋養萬物,這是宇宙自然的運行之道。
→ When balance is
preserved, nature flourishes —
that’s the Dao.
✨ 小結說明(簡明)
這段話強調:「天地之氣互動、陰陽交融」是自然與生命存在的基礎,當氣機順暢、沒有干擾,萬物才能生、人體才能健。
這段對應人體的說法是——我們需要跟自然保持同步,才能避免疾病、擁有真正的健康。
📜 第七段:原文
是故陽氣者,若天與日,失其所則折壽而不彰。
🗣 拼音(大陸簡拼)
Shì gù yáng qì zhě, ruò tiān yǔ rì, shī qí suǒ zé zhé shòu ér bù zhāng.
🪶 白話文解釋(簡潔版)
陽氣就像天和太陽一樣重要,如果失去它該在的位置,人的壽命就會縮短,生命也無法發揮光彩。
🌍 英文翻譯(逐句說明)
Therefore, Yang Qi
is like Heaven and the Sun—vital and radiant.
If it loses its
proper place, life will be shortened and its brilliance diminished.
📝 中英文註解 & 解說(初學者向)
陽氣者 / Yang Qi
陽氣在中醫中象徵動力、溫熱、生命的推動力,就像太陽帶來光與熱。
→ Yang Qi is the body’s driving force — like energy, warmth,
and vitality.
若天與日 / Like Heaven and
the Sun
天(日)是萬物生長的根源,陽氣對人類也是如此。
→ Just as Heaven and the
Sun sustain life on Earth, Yang Qi sustains life in the body.
失其所 / loses its proper
place
陽氣如果不能正常運行(如白天不清醒,冬天出汗過多),就代表失調。
→ If Yang Qi doesn’t function properly or
gets scattered, it can’t
nourish the body.
折壽而不彰 / life will be
shortened and not shine
折壽=減壽;不彰=生命無光、才華難展。
→ Without Yang Qi, one’s life is cut short,
and their potential fades.
✨ 小結說明(簡明)
這一段是在說明:「陽氣」就像是人體的太陽,是最重要的生命動能。若它失衡或損耗過度,就會導致壽命縮短、精力減退。
中醫的養生重點之一,就是「保陽氣」。不過度消耗、注重日夜作息與飲食調養,都是為了護住這一把生命之火 🔥。
📜 第八段:原文
故天運而應人,人應而合於天。是故聖人將禦病之本,必先正氣以保其根。
🗣 拼音(大陸簡拼)
Gù tiān yùn ér yìng rén, rén yìng ér hé yú tiān. Shì gù shèng rén jiāng yù bìng zhī běn, bì xiān zhèng qì yǐ bǎo qí gēn.
🪶 白話文解釋(簡潔版)
天地的運行會影響人,人也要順應天地變化。
所以聖人(醫者)要預防疾病,首先必須扶正人體的正氣,來保護生命的根本。
🌍 英文翻譯(逐句說明)
Therefore, Heaven
moves and resonates with humankind,
and humans respond
in harmony with Heaven.
Thus, sages—when
seeking to prevent illness—must first preserve righteous Qi to protect the root
of life.
📝 中英文註解 & 解說(初學者向)
天運而應人 / Heaven moves and
resonates with humans
天地運行(如四季、晝夜)會影響人的氣血與精神狀態。
→ The natural cycles
influence our body’s
rhythms, mood, and health.
人應而合於天 / Humans respond
in harmony with Heaven
人應該順應自然,日出而作、日落而息,四季飲食有節。
→ We stay healthy by
aligning our habits with nature — sleeping, eating, and living seasonally.
聖人將禦病之本 / The sage seeks
to prevent disease at the root
「聖人」指高明的醫者或有智慧的養生者,他們重視未病先防。
→ True healers focus on
prevention, not just treatment.
必先正氣 / must first
preserve righteous Qi
正氣=身體的正能量、防禦力;等於現代所說的「免疫力」。
→ Righteous Qi is our
inner strength or immunity that resists illness.
以保其根 / to protect the
root
根=生命之本,指臟腑、精氣、陽氣等。
→ The “root” refers to the vital
essence of life — organs, essence, Qi.
✨ 小結說明(簡明)
這段說的是預防疾病的根本方法:順天應人、扶正氣。
人類生活在自然中,應該順應天地之氣,而醫者或修養者,應以養氣、防病為本,讓身體的「正氣」充足,才能抵禦病邪。
這段是中醫「治未病」思想的核心之一,也說明了為什麼養生比治病更重要。
📜 第九段:原文
正氣存內,邪不可干;避其邪氣,安其所居,節其飲食,適其寒暑,調其喜怒,則氣道乃通。
🗣 拼音(大陸簡拼)
Zhèng qì cún nèi, xié bù kě gān; bì qí xié qì, ān qí suǒ jū, jié qí yǐn shí, shì qí hán shǔ, tiáo qí xǐ nù, zé qì dào nǎi tōng.
🪶 白話文解釋(簡潔)
只要人體內的正氣充足,邪氣就無法侵襲。
避免接觸邪氣、住處安穩、飲食有節、適應寒熱、情緒穩定,氣的運行才會通暢,身體自然健康。
🌍 英文翻譯(逐句)
When righteous Qi
resides within, pathogenic Qi cannot invade.
By avoiding harmful
influences, ensuring a peaceful living environment,
moderating food and
drink, adapting to cold and heat, and regulating emotions,
the pathways of Qi
will flow smoothly.
📝 註解與說明(中英對照,初學者友善)
正氣存內,邪不可干 / When
righteous Qi resides within, pathogenic Qi cannot invade
→ If your inner vitality
is strong, external disease-causing factors (like cold, wind, or dampness) can’t harm you.
避其邪氣 / Avoiding harmful
influences
→ Keep away from bad
air, bad places, or infectious people — e.g., don’t
stay long in a cold draft or dirty, humid places.
安其所居 / Ensuring a
peaceful living environment
→ Live in a calm,
stable, and clean environment. Peace of mind begins with peace at home.
節其飲食 / Moderating food
and drink
→ Eat in moderation,
avoid overeating or undereating, and eat according to the season.
適其寒暑 / Adapting to cold
and heat
→ Dress appropriately,
protect against seasonal weather changes.
調其喜怒 / Regulating
emotions
→ Don’t let emotions like
anger, sadness, or extreme joy disturb your Qi. Emotional balance is as
important as physical health.
則氣道乃通 / Then the Qi
pathways will flow smoothly
→ The channels (meridians)
through which Qi moves in your body will stay open and unblocked.
✨ 小結思維
這一段具體講出了「養生六法」:
正氣內存
避邪氣
居所安穩
飲食有度
適應氣候
情緒平衡
這六點,構成中醫整體養生的實踐基礎。不靠藥、不靠針灸,靠的是生活方式的智慧與自我管理。
📜 第十段:原文
是故上古有真人者,提挈天地,把握陰陽,呼吸精氣,獨立守神,肌肉若一,故能壽敝天地,無有終時,此其道生。
🗣 拼音(大陸簡拼)
Shì gù shàng gǔ yǒu zhēn rén zhě, tí qiè tiān dì, bǎ wò yīn yáng, hū xī jīng qì, dú lì shǒu shén, jī ròu ruò yī, gù néng shòu bì tiān dì, wú yǒu zhōng shí, cǐ qí dào shēng.
🪶 白話文解釋(簡潔)
上古時代有真正明道的人,他們能順應天地、掌握陰陽、吸納自然精氣,獨處專注、守護精神,身心合一,因此能長壽如天地,無有終老之日。這就是他們得道而生的方式。
🌍 英文翻譯(逐句)
In ancient times,
there were True Men who aligned with Heaven and Earth,
grasped the
principles of Yin and Yang, breathed in pure essence,
stood in solitude
preserving their spirit, with unified body and mind.
Thus, they could
live as long as Heaven and Earth, never knowing an end.
This is the Way of
Life born from the Dao.
📝 註解與說明(中英對照)
真人 / True Men
→ In Daoist tradition,
"zhen ren" (真人)
refers to sages or enlightened individuals who live in harmony with nature and
the Dao.
提挈天地 / Aligned with
Heaven and Earth
→ To live according to
natural law, not against it.
把握陰陽 / Grasped the
principles of Yin and Yang
→ Understanding the
dynamic balance of opposing forces in life and applying this understanding in
health, emotion, and action.
呼吸精氣 / Breathed in pure
essence
→ Not just physical
breath, but absorbing the energy (Qi) of nature through meditation and
cultivation.
獨立守神 / Stood in solitude
preserving spirit
→ Stillness, meditation,
emotional control—maintaining
internal harmony.
肌肉若一 / Unified body and
mind
→ No inner conflict; the
physical and the spiritual act as one.
壽敝天地,無有終時 / Longevity as
Heaven and Earth
→ Metaphor for a life
lived fully aligned with the Dao, seemingly without decay or end.
📜 第十一段:原文(結語)
**今時之人不然也,以酒為漿,以妄為常,醉以入房,以欲竭其
📜 第十一段:原文(結語)
今時之人不然也,以酒為漿,以妄為常,醉以入房,以欲竭其精,以耗散其真,不知持滿,不時御神,務快其心,逆於生樂,起居無節,故半百而衰也。
🗣 拼音(大陸簡拼)
Jīn shí zhī rén bù rán yě, yǐ jiǔ wéi jiāng, yǐ wàng wéi cháng, zuì yǐ rù fáng, yǐ yù jié qí jīng, yǐ hào sàn qí zhēn, bù zhī chí mǎn, bù shí yù shén, wù kuài qí xīn, nì yú shēng lè, qǐ jū wú jié, gù bàn bǎi ér shuāi yě.
🪶 白話文解釋(簡潔)
現代人卻不是這樣,把酒當作水喝,把妄念當成日常,喝醉後行房,沉溺情慾以致精氣耗盡,真氣散失。他們不知道如何保持充盈的狀態,不懂得調養精神,只一味追求心中欲望,違背了生命的自然之樂,起居又無規律,因此五十歲左右就已衰老。
🌍 英文翻譯(逐句)
People today are
not like that. They treat alcohol as their daily drink, take reckless thoughts
as their norm.
They enter the
bedroom intoxicated, deplete their essence through excessive desire, and
scatter their true vitality.
They do not know
how to maintain fullness, nor do they care to regulate the spirit.
They pursue the gratification
of their hearts, defying the joy of natural life.
With erratic
routines, they deteriorate by the age of fifty.
📝 註解與說明(中英對照)
以酒為漿 / Treat alcohol as
their daily drink
→ 指日常酗酒,損害脾胃與精神。
以妄為常 / Reckless thoughts
as norm
→ 妄即妄念,亂想、虛妄之心,指精神渙散、不安寧。
醉以入房 / Enter the bedroom
intoxicated
→ 指縱慾不節,性生活無節制,且心神不清。
以欲竭其精 / Deplete their
essence through desire
→ 精氣為生命根本,過度縱慾會導致腎精虧損。
耗散其真 / Scatter their
true vitality
→ 真即真氣,本元之氣。精耗則神衰。
不知持滿 / Do not know how
to maintain fullness
→ 不懂得養精蓄神,使身體充盈。
不時御神 / Do not regulate
the spirit
→ 不調養精神,不守神清。
務快其心 / Pursue
gratification
→ 一味追求享樂、情緒放縱。
逆於生樂 / Defy natural joy
→ 與自然、節制、生養的快樂相違背。
起居無節 / Erratic routines
→ 作息失調,生活混亂。
半百而衰 / Deteriorate by
fifty
→ 過早衰老,與古人長壽成對比。
🏁 全篇小結(Summary)
《生氣通天論》全篇透過天地陰陽運行規律,指出人類應順應自然節律、調神養精,以達長壽之道。最後對今人的生活方式提出嚴厲批判,提醒世人:放縱欲望、違背節律,終將折損壽命。
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